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US President Donald Trump signed a series of executive orders related to trade, economy, foreign affairs, health, climate... in the Oval Office immediately after taking office.
CBS News counted that President Trump signed about 200 documents including executive orders, memoranda and presidential proclamations on his first day in office. He also canceled many decrees issued under the Biden administration.
Mr. Trump signed an executive order to rename several places in the US.
Accordingly, Denali Mountain in Alaska, the highest mountain in North America, was renamed McKinley, after the late President William McKinley who was assassinated in 1901.
The order also changes the name of the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America, despite objections from neighboring countries. All US government maps and documents will have to use the new names. The White House said the name change is intended to "honor the greatness of America."
President Trump signed an executive order declaring a national energy emergency to speed up permitting and significantly expand oil drilling, rolling back environmental protections. He also signed executive orders to boost oil and gas development in Alaska, reversed a Biden administration effort to protect vast swaths of the U.S. Arctic and coastal regions from drilling, and suspended offshore wind power sales and leasing.
Mr Trump hopes the orders will help reduce consumer energy prices and improve national security, by expanding domestic supplies and supporting allies.
"America will once again be a manufacturing nation, and we have something that no other manufacturing nation has, the largest reserves of oil and gas on Earth. And we will use them," Mr. Trump said in his inaugural address earlier.
President Trump has once again withdrawn the United States, the world's second-largest emitter, from the Paris Agreement on climate change. This move puts the United States among four countries in the world that have not joined the 2015 agreement, along with Iran, Libya and Yemen.
“I will immediately withdraw from this unfair trade agreement. America will not destroy our industries while China pollutes with impunity,” he said.
The US must notify UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres of its decision to withdraw from the agreement. The withdrawal will take effect one year after approval. Mr Trump withdrew the US from the Paris Climate Agreement during his first term, but the Biden administration reversed that move in 2021.
The United States is the world's second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases, after China. Its withdrawal from the Paris Agreement would undermine global efforts to cut those emissions.
Mr. Trump signed an executive order to create an advisory group called the Commission on Government Efficiency (DOGE) to implement drastic cuts to government spending.
"To restore efficiency and effectiveness to the federal government, my administration will establish a brand new Government Performance Commission," President Trump said, adding that he plans to hire about 20 people to ensure the commission's goals are met.
The advisory group, which will be run by billionaire Elon Musk, is said to “provide advice and guidance from outside government” on efforts to streamline systems, cut regulations, reduce spending and restructure federal agencies.
Former Republican presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy was once considered for the co-leadership of DOGE, but withdrew to prepare for a run for Ohio governor.
Immediately after taking office, Mr. Trump revoked 78 executive orders signed by his predecessor Biden, including at least a dozen executive orders supporting racial justice and combating discrimination against gays and transgender people.
Mr Trump’s policies mark a major shift from those of the Biden administration, which has also rolled back executive orders aimed at helping Black, Latino, Indigenous, Asian and Pacific Islander people.
"This week, I will also end the policy that attempts to inject race and gender into every aspect of our public and private lives. We will build a society based on merit, not color. From this day forward, the policy of the United States government will be about men and women," he said.
President Trump signed an executive order requiring federal workers to return to work five days a week, forcing large numbers of workers to abandon their telework arrangements, reversing a trend that took place early in the Covid-19 pandemic.
"Heads of departments and agencies shall take all necessary steps as soon as possible to terminate telework arrangements and require employees to return to full-time in-person work at their respective locations. Heads of departments and agencies shall issue such exemptions as they deem necessary," the order reads.
Mr. Trump signed an executive order to stop foreign development aid for 90 days, until its effectiveness and consistency with US foreign policy can be evaluated.
"All heads of departments and agencies responsible for U.S. foreign development assistance programs must immediately suspend new missions and disburse development assistance funds," the order said.
Mr. Trump declared a national emergency at the US-Mexico border, imposing strict new restrictions on immigration and asylum in the US. He also announced that he would send troops to the border with Mexico.
"I support legal immigration. We need everyone, but everyone must come in legally. All illegal entry will be stopped and we will begin the process of removing millions of illegal immigrants," he said.
Mr. Trump also announced a controversial executive order suspending the granting of citizenship to foreigners born in the United States. This executive order is contrary to the provisions of the US Constitution and could be blocked by the courts.
The White House said Mr Trump had revoked an executive order authorising sanctions against violent Israeli settlers in the West Bank.
The order, signed by Joe Biden in February 2024, designated settlers and groups accused of carrying out violence against Palestinians in the West Bank, an area occupied by Israel since 1967. The US Treasury and State Departments then imposed sanctions on a number of far-right individuals and groups.
"I guess I have a special affection for TikTok, even though it wasn't at first. I've used TikTok and I've won the support of young voters," Mr. Trump said when signing an executive order to delay the ban on TikTok in the US for 75 days.
According to this decree, the US government has 75 days to "pursue a solution to protect national security while preserving the platform used by 170 million Americans".
TikTok currently has 170 million users in the US, about half the population, and is a major partner for data storage, application and marketing service providers.
The app has been banned in the US since January 19, for failing to cut ties with its parent company ByteDance in China as required by the Protecting Americans from Foreign-Controlled Apps Act (PAFACA), signed into law by former President Joe Biden in April 2024.
Want to reach Russia - Ukraine agreement soon
Mr Trump said Russian President Vladimir Putin should reach a deal with Ukraine to end the fighting, warning that Moscow would be "in big trouble" if it did not.
The US president also said he was preparing to meet the Russian leader, but did not specify a time frame. "He and I get along very well, I hope he wants to make a deal. Most people thought the war would be over in about a week, and it's been three years, right?", he said.
The US President also stressed that Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has said he wants to reach a peace agreement.
Withdraw the US from WHO
Mr. Trump signed an executive order withdrawing the United States from the World Health Organization (WHO), citing the agency's "poor response" to the Covid-19 pandemic and other global health crises.
Reaffirms Plan to Buy Greenland
Mr Trump expressed confidence that Denmark would "agree" to his plan to buy Greenland. "Greenland is a great place, we need the island for international security," the US President said.
Reiterating plans to impose tariffs on Canada and Mexico
President Trump said he plans to impose 25% tariffs on major US trading partners Mexico and Canada on February 1.
“We are considering this tariff, because they have allowed large amounts of migrants and fentanyl to come into the United States,” he said.
Put Cuba back on the list of "state sponsors of terrorism"
President Trump signed an executive order to put Cuba back on the list of "state sponsors of terrorism", just days after the Joe Biden administration removed its neighbor from the list.
Cuban President Miguel Diaz-Canel criticized Trump's move as "arrogant and contemptuous of the truth." Diaz-Canel also noted that during his first term, President Trump imposed an economic blockade on Cuba, causing shortages of goods and causing some Cubans to emigrate to the United States.
Amnesty for 1,500 people involved in Capitol Hill riots
"There are hostages, about 1,500 of them. They are being given a full pardon. Frankly, we hope that those who are serving sentences will be released tonight. We look forward to it," US President Donald Trump said when signing the pardon order at the White House on January 20, right after his inauguration.
This is the first document in a "wave" of about 200 executive orders and directives that will be approved by Mr. Trump immediately after taking office, demonstrating his determination to start his presidential term strongly.
A spokesman for the US Bureau of Prisons confirmed that some federal inmates serving sentences related to the riot at the Capitol building could be released as early as January 20.
On January 6, 2021, a crowd of Trump supporters stormed Capitol Hill to prevent Congress from certifying the election results for Joe Biden. According to the US Department of Justice, 1,583 people have been charged in connection with the January 6, 2021 riot, with acts such as assault, resisting or obstructing law enforcement officers, or assault with a deadly weapon.
Mr Trump has long said that pardoning those convicted of involvement in the Capitol riots would be a priority after taking office. He has called them “hostages”, “patriots” and “political prisoners”.
According to the US President, many of the nearly 1,600 people charged have been treated unfairly by the legal system. Speaking to supporters on Capitol Hill after being sworn in, he once again described them as "hostages".
The US Constitution grants the president broad pardon power and there is no legal mechanism to challenge a presidential pardon. The president's pardon power includes removing the legal consequences of a sentence through a pardon or shortening or modifying a sentence through a commutation.
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